Leaves of Syzygium samaragense , Rose Apple, Wax Jambu …Lá của cây Mận đỏ, Roi đỏ, Mận Hương Tàu ….
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Vietnamese named : Mận, Roi, Roi đỏ, Mận Hương Tàu., Mận đỏ.
English names : Rose Apple, Water Apple, Wax Apple, Jambu, Wax Jambu, Java Apple, Malay Apple
Scientist name : Syzygium samaragense ( Blume. ) Merr. & Perry
Synonyms : Eugenia javanica
Family : Myrtaceae. Họ Sim
Searched from :
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Cây Roi Đỏ (Mận Hương Tàu): Syzygium samarangense. Tên Anh-Mỹ Java Rose Apple, Samarang Rose Apple. Tên Mễ: Mammey Pomorrosa. Cây thân mộc cao 5-15 m nhánh khi còn non hơi vuông. Phiến lá lớn hình thuôn bầu dục cỡ 10-25 cm x 6-12 cm, cuống dài 4-8 mm. Hoa mọc thành ngù 5-30 hoa ở ngọn hay nách lá đã rụng. Hoa màu vàng trắng, đường kính 3-4 cm, đài hoa có ống dài 1.5 cm, cánh hoa chừng 10-15 mm. Quả mọng màu đỏ, có khi trắng, xanh, có dạng chuông úp ngược dài 3-6 cm trong có chứa 1-4 hạt màu nâu. Loại quả màu đỏ có vị ngọt hơn, da rất mỏng, thịt trắng và xốp, gốc từ Java (Indonesia). Cây được trồng rất phổ biến tại Đông Nam Á kể cả Việt Nam, và ngày nay tại Nam và Trung Mỹ. Giống mận đỏ được gọi là Champoo tại Thái Lan.
Lá Mận Hương Tàu (S. Samarangense) chứa alpha và beta-carotene lupeol, betulin, acid epi-betulinic và một số hoạt chất loại dimethyl chalcone và dimethylflavanone, các sterols như beta-sitosterol, beta-D-sitosterylglucoside. Betulin và dimethyldihydrochalcone có hoạt tính ức chế men prolyl endopeptidase. (Viện Hóa học-ĐH Philippines Quezon City -Naturforsch Số 59-2004)
**** WIKI
vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roi_hoa_tr%E1%BA%AFng
Roi (phương ngữ miền Bắc Việt Nam, viết khác: gioi, doi), hay mận (phương ngữ miền Nam Việt Nam) (danh pháp khoa học: Syzygium samarangense, syn. Eugenia javanica), thuộc chi Trâm của họ Myrtaceae. Do tên gọi doi (gioi, roi) được chia sẻ với một vài loài khác cùng chi nên trong bài gọi là doi hoa trắng.
Roi hoa trắng là loài bản địa của Philippines, Ấn Độ, Indonesia, Malaysia vàSamoa
Trồng và sử dụng
Roi hoa trắng là cây thường xanh nhiệt đới, cao đến 12 m, lá dài 10–25 cm và rộng 5–10 cm broad. Hoa màu trắng, đường kính 2,5 cm, có bốn cánh và nhiều nhị. Quả mọng, hình chuông, ăn được, màu trắng đến đỏ đậm, màu tía, thậm chí có giống màu đen, cây mọc hoang có quả dài 4–6 cm. Hoa và quả không chỉ mọc từ nách lá mà có thể mọc ở gần như bất kì điểm nào trên thân cây và nhánh cây. Khi quả chín, cây tiếp tục ra hoa và có thể đạt đến 700 quả mỗi cây
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**** WIKI
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygium_samarangense
Syzygium samarangense (syn. Eugenia javanica) is a species in the Myrtaceae, native to Philippines, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Samoa.[1] Common names include wax apple, love apple, java apple, chomphu (in Thai), Mận or Royal Apple (in Vietnam), bellfruit (In Taiwan), Jamaican Apple, Otaheti Apple (in Jamaica), jambu air (in Indonesian), water apple, mountain apple, cloud apple, jambu air ("water guava" in Malay), wax jambu, rose apple, bell fruit, makopa, tambis (Philippines), and chambekka in Malayalam, jamrul (in Bengali), and jumbu (Sri Lanka). It is called the nonu vao in Samoan.[1]
It is known as jamalac in French, and zamalac in the French-based creole languages of Mauritius, Réunion, Seychelles and other Indian ocean islands.The wax apple tree also grows in the Caribbean. On Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, the fruit is called kashu Sürnam in Papiamentu, which means ‘cashew from Surinam’, while in Surinam the fruit is called curaçaose appel (‘apple from Curaçao’ in Dutch),IN Guyan it is called Cashew. while in the Dominican Republic a small sub-species of the wax apple is known as Cajuilito, (small cashew) in Cuba and Puerto Rico it is known as Pumarosa or in other parts of the Caribbean it is known as Corazón.
It should not be confused with the Malay apple (Syzygium malaccense) which is known as the pommerac in Trinidad and Tobago.
Etymology
In the Pacific Islands, this fruit is known as Mountain Apple. In the Fiji Islands it is common in the outskirts of forests. Called "Kavika" in Fiji, it is well-documented as a medicinal plant (particularly the bark of the Kavika tree). It is known to contain oleanolic acid, an anti-HIV compound. In Papua New Guinea it is called the Laulau.
In Saint Kitts and Nevis it is commonly known as "morroca," a corruption of Morocco, from where the plant was imported to St. Kitts in colonial days.
In Taiwan and China, they are known as lianwu (simplified Chinese: 莲雾; traditional Chinese: 蓮霧; pinyin: lián wù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lián-bū)
Cultivation and uses
It is a tropical tree growing to 12 m tall, with evergreen leaves 10–25 cm long and 5–10 cm broad. The flowers are white, 2.5 cm diameter, with four petals and numerous stamens. The fruit is a bell-shaped edible berry, with colors ranging from white, pale green, green, red, purple, crimson, to deep purple or even black, 4–6 cm long in wild plants. The flowers and resulting fruit are not limited to the axils of the leaves and can appear on nearly any point on the surface of the trunk and branches. When mature, the tree is considered a heavy bearer and can yield a crop of up to 700 fruits
The ripened fruit varies in hue and can be light pink to a dark, almost purple, red. One of the most highly prized and sought after wax apples in Taiwan are "black pearls," which are purplish-red. If it is ripe enough, the fruit will puff outwards, with the middle of the underside of the "bell shape" dented in a touch. Healthy wax apples have a light sheen to them. Despite its name, a ripe wax apple only resembles an apple on the outside in color. It doesn’t taste like an apple, and it has neither the fragrance nor the density of an apple. Its flavor is similar to a snow pear, and the liquid to flesh ratio of the wax apple is comparable to a watermelon. Unlike either apple or watermelon, the wax apple’s flesh has a very loose weave. The very middle holds a seed that’s situated in a sort of cotton-candy-like mesh. This mesh is edible but flavorless. The color of its juice depends on the cultivar of the fruit; it may be purple to entirely colorless. As well as in its native range, it is also cultivated in tropical regions such as Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India Sri Lanka,and Philippines. In Philippines You can see this fruit in some part of Luzon area, such as Batangas, Laguna, Cogeo, Antipolo, Taytay, and Pampanga, Province of Romblon in Visayas and Bukidnon in Mindanao. A number of cultivars with larger fruit have been selected. In general, the paler or darker the color is, the sweeter it is. In South East Asia, the black ones are nicknamed "Black Pearl" or "Black Diamond," while the very pale greenish white ones are called "Pearl." They are among the highest priced ones in fruit markets.
When choosing a good wax apple, look for ones with the bottom segments closed up because open holes signify worm eggs inside the fruit. Also, usually the reddest fruits are the sweetest. To eat, the core is removed and the fruit is served uncut, in order to preserve the unique bell shape presentation.
In Indian ocean island cuisine, the fruit is frequently used in salads, as well in with light sauteed dishes.
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